You can also think of the pupils in the following way: since lenses are of finite size, there will always be a limiting element (limiting in terms of the amount of light captured from the source (i.e., sources can be extended (lcd, crt, etc.) or point sources). This limiting element is called the aperture stop. The image of the aperture stop as seen through the object space is called the entrance pupil. The image of the aperture stop as seen through the image space is called the exit pupil. To calculate the location of the pupils, you can use the thin lens formula. To calculate how large the pupils will be, you can use the magnification of the lens. If you are interested, the following article has a bird's-eye view of the optics involved in HMDs: Fischer, Robert E., Optics for Head-Mounted Displays, Information Display, Jul 1994. It is pretty short but talks about the parameters and trade-offs involved (i.e., field of view, aberrations, etc.). I have a copy of it, let me know if anyone is interested. Hope this helps, Ozan -- Ozan Cakmakci Optics for head worn displays School of Optics ODALAB/CREOL (Center for Research in Optics and Lasers)-- Subscription/unsubscription/info requests: send e-mail with subject of "subscribe", "unsubscribe", or "info" to
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