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Formal Twiddler one-handed chording keyboard study results

From: ThadV Starner <>
Date: Sat, 3 Jan 2004 21:37:25 -0800 (PST)

Happy new year everyone!  

To start things off right on the list, I thought
I'd share some results my students and I have
been working on.  We finally did a formal study
on the learnability of the Twiddler.  The paper
will soon be on our publications page
www.cc.gatech.edu/ccg
and it will appear at this year's CHI conference
in Vienna.  The abstract is below.

Results?:  Better than expected. average 26.6wpm in <
7 hours of practice, learning curves faster than
anything else we've found in the literature so far 
(including desktop keyboards), touch typing mostly
in the first session (using our tutor), and expert 
rates in the 60-70wpm range.

                                Thad
------------------------
An experienced user of the Twiddler, a one--handed
chording keyboard,
averages speeds of 60 words per minute with
letter--by--letter typing
of standard test phrases. This fast typing rate
coupled with the
Twiddler's 3x4 button design, similar to that of a
standard
mobile telephone, makes it a potential alternative to
multi--tap for
text entry on mobile phones. Despite this similarity,
there is very
little data on the Twiddler's performance and
learnability. We present
a longitudinal study of novice users' learning rates
on the
Twiddler. Ten participants typed for 20 sessions using
two different
methods. Each session is composed of 20 minutes of
typing with
multi--tap and 20 minutes of one--handed chording on
the Twiddler. We
found that users initially have a faster average
typing rate with
multi--tap; however, after four sessions the
difference becomes
negligible, and by the eighth session participants
type faster with
chording on the Twiddler. Furthermore, after 20
sessions typing rates
for the Twiddler are still increasing.

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