Oops, just realized I didn't get around to posting the following, my previous message assumed I'd sent this. From: Christopher Allen <> >The fundamental tone is unnecessary. The harmonics are what really count >(and the frication sounds). This is basically right, but it should be pointed out that intonation, which tracks --- in fact is defined by --- the fundamental, is an essential part of speech. Without intonation the voice would sound monotonous, like a computer speaking, and you would lose important stress information, which is coded by pitch rather than by volume. However a harmonically rich sound made up predominantly of the harmonics of a single (but varying) fundamental frequency, which has then had the fundamental filtered out, contains more than enough information to permit the fundamental to be reconstructed. Hence information-theoretically if not spectrally the fundamental is still there. So rather than saying that the fundamental is not needed it's more useful in practice to view it as something that can't be hidden by high-pass filtering. This would appear to describe how humans perceive a voice from which the fundamental has been filtered out: they perceive it as sounding tinny, i.e. lacking in bass, yet with the basic pitch remaining the same as before the filtering. Vaughan -- Subcription/unsubscription/info requests: send e-mail with subject of "subscribe", "unsubscribe", or "info" to
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